Vanlife in Winter: 6 Challenges to Overcome

Living full-time in a van during winter: a challenge, but an incredible experience! ❄️🚐

Living in a van during winter is much more difficult than in summer. Nothing is simple: finding water and camping spots, staying warm and dry, the days are short, and a lot of time is spent inside the van... It's not a glamorous life, but it is extremely rewarding if, like us, you are looking for the best skiing or snowboarding conditions. 🎿🏔️

Here are the challenges we faced and how we overcame them. Do you love the cold and snow as much as we do? ❄️👇

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1- Traction and driving on snow

1.1- Traction Control System (TCS)

The Traction Control System (TCS) of the Ford Transit is a safety system that prevents loss of control during acceleration by limiting the power transmitted to the rear wheels when slipping is detected. In short, it prevents uncontrolled skidding. However, its role is not to improve traction, but to protect you.

When to temporarily disable the TCS to increase traction:

• Before getting stuck.

• After getting stuck.

• When climbing a slippery slope at low speed.

To disable/reactivate the TCS, press the TCS ON/OFF button for 2-3 seconds.

Reminder: do not disable the TCS for highway driving, even in winter conditions.

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1.2- Limited Slip Differential (LSD)

The Limited Slip Differential (LSD) of the Ford Transit increases traction. If one driving wheel slips, power is transferred to the other wheel simultaneously. Unlike the TCS, the LSD is a mechanical device (clutch) on the differential, and it cannot be disabled (which is perfect).

This is an option that we highly recommend because it makes a huge difference! On a Transit without LSD, all the power is transmitted to one wheel at a time.

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1.3- 4x4

Is a 4x4 necessary for living in a van in winter?

Not necessary, but useful!

We spent two winters chasing snow in remote places in France and the European Alps. From the Pyrenees to the Hautes-Alpes through Savoie and the Vosges, we drove on all types of winter roads: ice, packed snow, powder... Despite these conditions, we only used chains once, and the Maxtrax sand plates were never used.

But it’s a real plus!

If the price doesn't bother you, go for it! It avoids complicated situations and saves you time.

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1.4- Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD) vs Front-Wheel Drive (FWD)

The choice between FWD and RWD depends on the weight of the van. For converted vans, where the weight is often at the back, RWD offers more traction. We greatly prefer RWD, especially for climbing slopes with the weight concentrated on the rear axle.

That said, don't overdo it by adding too much weight to the back, or you risk encountering a "steer drifting" phenomenon (meaning the front wheels won't have enough traction to turn left or right)...

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1.5- Winter Tires

Are winter tires essential in winter? Yes, absolutely!

Don't be fooled by the "all-season" label of some tires: they are NOT designed for winter driving. In Quebec (Canada), they are simply illegal in winter. You need real winter tires: the difference in traction is striking, like day and night! And remember that traction is not just about moving forward, but also about slowing down, turning, and having better reactions during emergency maneuvers.

While we consider 4x4 to be an improvement (optional), we see winter tires as an essential safety element. If we had to choose between 4x4, a limited slip differential (LSD), chains, etc., we would first opt for winter tires.

UNLESS you come from an area where you rarely drive on snow (for example, to cross a high-altitude pass): in that case, snow chains (without winter tires) might suffice.

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1.6- Snow Chains

Vans, while perfect for adventure, do not excel in traction on ice. Once you lose your momentum on an icy slope or a frozen parking lot, it becomes almost impossible to get going again without the right equipment. This is where snow chains come into play: a must-have for any well-prepared winter outing.

Why opt for snow chains?

1. Easy installation, even in difficult conditions Modern chains are designed to be easy to install, even in a snowstorm or blizzard. You don’t need to move the vehicle to attach them, which is a huge advantage in tricky road conditions.
2. Self-tensioning system Thanks to their self-tensioning mechanism, the chains automatically adjust while driving, providing optimal tension for maximum traction. No need to stop to readjust them, they work for you!
3. Compact and easy to store Supplied in a compact hard case, they easily fit in the trunk or under a seat, ready to be used when needed. No unnecessary clutter, which is crucial in a van where space is limited.
4. Adaptability and safety Their diamond-pattern design ensures excellent traction while minimizing noise and vibrations, for a more comfortable and secure ride. Additionally, the connection points are often color-coded, making installation intuitive, even for novices.

A necessity on icy roads

Chains are not only useful for climbing icy or snowy slopes; they are also essential for situations where safety is at stake, such as during descents or on icy, winding roads.

Investing in quality snow chains guarantees a worry-free winter adventure, no matter the conditions. Don’t let an icy road ruin your getaway: equip yourself and set off with confidence!

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1.7- Maxtrax

Maxtrax: The essential for difficult terrains 🚐❄️🏜️

Maxtrax are ultra-practical recovery boards for getting out of deep snow, soft sand, or even a slippery ice sheet.

Why Maxtrax?

1. Effective in all situations: They slide under the wheels to provide immediate traction, whether on snow, sand, or mud. 🛞✨
2. Lightweight & compact: Easy to carry and store, they take up no space in your van. 👜
3. Robust & durable: Made from reinforced nylon, they withstand extreme conditions, summer and winter alike. 🌡️🧊
4. Quick to use: No tools or complex maneuvers needed: just place them and drive off in seconds! ⏱️🚙

Bonus: They also serve as an anchor for a winch in places without trees or rocks. 🧗

Tip: With their stackable design and effectiveness, they ensure stress-free adventures, even in the worst conditions. 🌍💪

Maxtrax = peace of mind and freedom to explore, no matter the terrain! 🏞️🚐

1.8 - How to climb like a pro 🚐⛰️

Here’s our method for tackling tricky off-road climbs:

If the attempt (and potential failure) is safe for you and others:

1. Set the mood 🎵: Choose your favorite music and turn up the volume!
2. Disable the TCS: This prevents the system from unnecessarily limiting power.
3. Switch to manual mode: To prevent gear changes while climbing.
4. Maintain stable RPMs: Keep a constant engine speed throughout the climb.
5. Loss of traction?: Don’t let off the accelerator! Keep going to allow the limited slip differential (LSD) to do its job. Momentum is crucial here!
6. A bit of skidding?: No panic, as long as you maintain control.
7. Not making it?: It’s time to bring out the snow chains… ❄️🛠️

With this method, you will maximize your chances of conquering any slope. 🚀

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2- Staying warm

2.1- Heat source

We highly recommend investing in a dry heat source like a Webasto/autoterm 2d (diesel/gasoline) or a Propex (propane).

Advantages:

• No carbon monoxide in the van (safety).
• No added humidity in the air (dry heat).
• High power (6500 BTU) for effective heating.

If you are traveling in very cold temperatures (-26°C or lower), it is useful to have a Propex as a supplementary or backup heater.

What size heater to choose?

Are the 2kW Webasto Air Top 2000 and Autoterm 2D powerful enough? Here are our observations below. However, keep in mind that your results may vary depending on your van's insulation, window coverings, interior layout, etc. 😊

What performance to expect from the Webasto/Autoterm 2D depending on the temperature? 🌡️❄️

👉 Above 3°C (37°F)

No need for a Webasto/Autoterm 2D in this case, it’s a bit too powerful. ⚠️ If they run too often at idle, it can lead to carbon deposits. An option like the Propex would be more suitable.

👉 Between 3°C and -18°C (37°F to 0°F)

This is where the Webasto Air Top 2000 or the Autoterm 2D shine ✨: they are perfect for maintaining good heat in your van. 🚐🔥

👉 Between -18°C and -26°C (0°F to -15°F)

The Webasto/Autoterm does the job, but don’t expect it to heat your van quickly. 🕒 If you are in a hurry, use the van's original heater for a little boost 🚀 or schedule the heater a few hours in advance.

👉 Below -26°C (-15°F)

At these extreme temperatures 🥶, the Webasto/Autoterm 2D maintains an indoor temperature around 15°C (58°F) at most*. This is where a Propex can be useful as a supplement for a boost or as a backup solution. 💪

Temperature measured early in the morning to eliminate the effect of the sun and residual heat from the day. 🌅

Avoiding the van freezing: essential mission 🚐❄️

NEVER LET THE INSIDE OF THE VAN FREEZE. Why? Because:

Plumbing pipes could burst 💦
Your walls could be decorated with burst liquors 🍷
Your food supplies and household products (like dish soap) would become unusable 🥫

Tips to protect your van from freezing:

No need to leave the heater running 24/7.

Diesel/gas heaters (like the Webasto or Autoterm 2D) risk carbon deposits if used continuously. However, a Propex gas heater could handle this without issue. 👍

Smartly schedule your heating cycles.

The indoor temperature takes time to reach freezing point. During the night or during your outings (skiing, hiking, etc.), turn off the heater for a few hours. ⏲️ Use the timer function of the Webasto Multicontrol HD to delay the shutdown or schedule the automatic restart a few hours later.

How long can you turn off the heater?

It depends on several factors:

• Your insulation 🧤
• The outside temperature 🌡️
• The layout of your van 🚐
• And even the presence of sunlight ☀️

➡️ Don’t panic, you will quickly learn to manage all this and adapt your routines according to the conditions!

2.2- Insulation (Thinsulate)

You must choose Thinsulate for your van's insulation, a choice that is both simple and effective. Here’s why:

• Easy installation: It cuts and fits easily on the walls of your van, requiring no special technical skills. You can quickly apply it yourself 🛠️.
• No added chemicals: Unlike other insulators, Thinsulate is completely free of chemicals, making it safe for you and the environment 🌱.
• Excellent thermal performance: Thinsulate offers high-quality thermal insulation, ideal for keeping warm in winter and staying cool in summer. Even in extreme conditions, you will be well protected ❄️🔥.
• It’s a durable and practical solution that allows you to enjoy your van in any season! 🚐✨

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2.3- Insulating window covers

Windows are often the weak points in terms of insulation in a van. Without insulating covers, you risk feeling cold drafts 🥶 and even seeing condensation or ice ❄️ on the windows, especially in winter.

Investing in insulating covers is a real game changer! They allow you to:

• Block cold and heat: They act as a shield against outside temperatures 🌡️.
• Reduce condensation: No more water vapor on your windows, less risk of mold 💧.
• Add privacy: These covers also help protect your space from outside eyes 👀.

With these covers, you transform your van into a comfortable and well-insulated space, no matter the outside conditions 🚐✨.

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3- Condensation and humidity

We were pleasantly surprised to find that the humidity level in the van stays between 15-35% in winter without too much effort, pretty cool! Here’s our recipe for staying nice and dry in the van:

• We use a dry heat source (see "Staying warm" section) 🔥.
• We run the roof fan when cooking or drying gear, then turn it off with a small opening most of the time 🌬️. Ventilation depends a lot on the outside temperature; you will quickly learn your own recipe! 🌡️
• Even with a low humidity level in the van, expect a bit of condensation/ice on the windows at night ❄️. We usually remove the insulating window covers about 15 minutes before hitting the road, allowing time to defrost/dry (but we also have to dry them with a cloth 🧽).

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4- Electricity and solar energy

Most of the time, electricity consumption is similar in summer and winter. What changes is the battery charge: short days and weather reduce solar production.

4.2 - Solar Charge

In winter, the real challenge is that solar energy becomes almost nonexistent when you go snow chasing. Here are some data we recorded thanks to our Victron MPPT solar charge controller:

The decrease in efficiency can be explained by several factors:

• Less sunlight: Days are shorter and sunlight rays are less intense in winter.
• Van orientation: When the van is parked, it is often difficult to optimize the angle of the solar panels relative to the sun.
• Accumulation of snow or ice: The panels can be covered, further reducing their efficiency.

Even though solar energy remains an excellent source in summer, it is unreliable in winter, forcing us to use other charging methods.

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4.3 - Charging via the Alternator

For winter adventures, charging via the alternator (when driving) is an ideal solution. How does it work? A DC-DC charger (or battery-to-battery charger) uses the energy produced by the vehicle's alternator to recharge the auxiliary battery while you drive.

It’s a “set it and forget it” system: the device turns on and off automatically based on vehicle usage. No manual adjustments are needed. It’s very convenient, as it allows you not to worry about a battery failure while maximizing its lifespan.

We found this system to be particularly effective in winter, where solar panels become unusable in many areas.

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5 - Water and Showers

5.1 - Water System

Good news: the water system is usable in winter! (Tested down to -30°C / -22°F) ❄️🔥. This is possible thanks to the installation of all components (fresh water tank, gray water tank, pipes, etc.) inside the heated space of the van 🚐. Nothing is outside 🌨️.

However, some elements are protected from the cold, such as the bike wash 🚲 and the hot shower 🚿, by completely draining the water they contain. No need for antifreeze ❌🧴.

5.2 - Finding Water 💧

In summer, it’s super easy! Most motorhome service areas have drinking water taps 🚰. We often use park4night.com to find water in 95% of cases. Sometimes, campercontact.com or even asking directly at the gas station can suffice.

In winter, it’s a bit more complicated, especially if temperatures are below zero 🥶. Most outdoor taps are closed to prevent the pipes from freezing. Here are some tips for finding drinking water when it’s cold:

• At friends' places: Take the opportunity to have a shower 🚿 and recharge your batteries 🔋 at the same time!
• Gas stations ⛽: Fill up with fuel and get water as a bonus!
• Commercial buildings 🏢: Don’t forget to ask for permission before using an outdoor tap.

Think ahead about your water consumption and plan your stops based on the temperatures of the towns on your route 🌍.

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6 - Drying Equipment

A clothesline can be installed between the exhaust of the Webasto and the roof fan, creating an effective and practical drying rack 🙂. It takes between 1 and 3 hours to dry ski clothes.

Drying time

Drying time varies depending on the outside temperature. For example, at -10°C (15°F), the heater works more than at +5°C (42°F), which provides more warm, dry air to speed up drying. Once the equipment is dry, the humidity level quickly returns to normal, avoiding any feeling of dampness during the night.

Drying ski boots

Drying ski boots can be a real challenge… but with the Webasto, it becomes simple! The warm air directed directly into the boots allows them to dry in about 2 hours (alternating between each pair).

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Conclusion

With careful planning and the right equipment, living in a van in winter is a magical experience! ✨ It requires adjustments, but the feeling of freedom 🚐 and the winter landscapes ❄️ are well worth the effort.

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